Practical challenges

Suspended sediment load in the waterway compromises electricity generation from hydro power plant

Suspended sediments in the waterway of hydro power plants pose a challenge for operation. Hard particles that are transported in suspension in the water can cause considerable hydro-abrasive erosion on turbines and pumps. This results in a reduction in the efficiency of the hydraulic machine.

This results in increased maintenance costs and reduced yields. This particularly affects medium and high head hydro power plants with glaciated catchment areas, respectively hard rock particles, reservoirs with small storage volumes and low sedimentation capacity as well as mountain streams that are discharged directly into the waterway system.

Practical challenges

Suspended sediment load in the waterway compromises electricity generation from hydro power plant

Suspended sediments in the waterway of hydro power plants pose a challenge for operation. Hard particles that are transported in suspension in the water can cause considerable hydro-abrasive erosion on turbines and pumps. This results in a reduction in the efficiency of the hydraulic machine.

This results in increased maintenance costs and reduced yields. This particularly affects medium and high head hydro power plants with glaciated catchment areas, respectively hard rock particles, reservoirs with small storage volumes and low sedimentation capacity as well as mountain streams that are discharged directly into the waterway system.

The situation is getting worse!

Increase in the non-glaciated, proglacial area around the Gries glacier in the canton of Valais, Switzerland, and the annual change in volume between 1986 and 2014.

Image source: Project “Periglacial Zones and Hydropower,” Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)

The melting of glaciers and the increase in extreme weather events will increase the suspended sediment loads in the power plants’ water. Studies show that Swiss reservoirs have already lost 23 percent of their capacity due to sedimentation (Present and Future Losses of Storage in Large Reservoirs Due to Sedimentation: A Country-Wise Global Assessment). By 2050, the loss could amount to almost a third. This means that not only will part of the electricity generation be lost, but hydro-abrasive wear and tear will also increase significantly. In the future, more and more hydro power plants will be affected by this.

Together we tackle the challenge

The control of suspended sediments in the waterway and the monitoring of the efficiency of the turbines and pumps are of crucial importance for systems with a high proportion of suspended sediments in the water. Suspended sediments, which can compromise turbines and systems, must be carefully monitored to avoid costly repairs and downtime.

Maintaining efficient operation requires precise monitoring of the efficiency of the turbines and pumps to minimize energy losses.

Discharge sediment load

Continuous suspended sediment monitoring tracks the suspended sediment load in the intake and issues an alarm if critical values are exceeded. This allows water to be discharged if the suspended sediment load is excessive and the hydro-abrasive wear of turbines to be minimized.

Optimizing operation

Continuous turbine efficiency monitoring provides data that allows the dispatcher to recognize deviations from optimal operation. This allows the electrical energy generated from the available water to be maximized.

Maintenance optimization

Continuous turbine efficiency monitoring records reductions in efficiency due to damage caused by hydro-abrasive erosion or cavitation erosion during operation and allows the time of overhaul to be anticipated. This allows the overhaul decision to be economically optimized.

Continuous process support

Smooth integration: the introduction of etahydro in your hydro power plant

The introduction of new software in a hydro power plant is a transformative task that requires careful planning and end-to-end process support. With Axpo and etaeval, you have two partners at your side who not only offer you innovative technologies, but also ensure a smooth etahydro implementation process. We support you every step of the way to optimize the performance of your hydro power plant.

1. Inventory

Together, we determine your specific requirements and objectives to ensure that the etahydro software solution is optimally tailored to your hydro power plant.

2. Instrumentation & control system

The Axpo and etaeval team will support you in the tendering, procurement and installation of the required instrumentation and integration into the control system. Another prerequisite for using etahydro is the installation of an OPC server including cloud connection of the control system. We would be happy to show you how we implement cybersecurity.

3. Installation & configuration

Once the requirements for the measuring devices and control system have been met, Hydro Insights is installed and configured. Together with the team from Axpo and etaeval, the instrumentation can now be tested and the settings/formulas by the etaeval experts can be provided.

4. Commissioning

Depending on the product package selected, Hydro Insights is put into operation at the power plant together with the turbine efficiency monitoring and/or suspended sediment monitoring modules. The employees at the power plant are trained accordingly in advance so that they are familiar with the application from the start of operation.

5. Operation & support

Both Hydro Insights and the turbine efficiency and suspended sediment monitoring modules are operated by Axpo and etaeval. Axpo and etaeval support the employees at the hydro power plant in the handling and use of etahydro.

6. Review & customization

The Axpo and etaeval team supports the employees at the hydro power plant beyond the commissioning phase. To this end, annual reviews are carried out with etaeval's experts and the settings and formulas are adjusted if necessary.

Profitability

Is the implementation of etahydro economically feasible? 
„It depends on“

ALK (Albula-Landwasser Kraftwerke in Switzerland) is the first pilot customer for etahydro. The Filisur power station in particular, with an installed capacity of 65 MW and an average annual production of around 290 GWh, is severely affected by a high suspended sediment load in the waterway. The need for action is correspondingly great, as is the potential for the etahydro solution.

The pilot at ALK was used to test etahydro in practice on the one hand and to check the cost-effectiveness of the solution on the other. The result of the profitability calculation for the Filisur hydro power plant is positive. The capital investment is amortized after less than three years. A key factor influencing the profitability is the electricity price. A price of 50 euros per MWh was assumed for Filisur. As electricity prices rise, profitability improves and etahydro also becomes financially attractive for less exposed hydro power plants.

Axpo and etaeval know the influencing factors based on the concrete implementation of etahydro at ALK. This enables us to examine the specific circumstances with interested power plant operators and make joint statements on economic profitability.

ROI-calculator

To get a first, quick estimate of the financial benefits for your company from using etahydro, simply fill out our ROI calculator form and you will receive your results from us in a short time. It’s worth it!

Contact data




Information about the hydro power plant

Installed capacity in MW *
Ø-annual generation MWh *
Number of units *
Number of intakes (which causes problems with suspended sediments) *
Estimated efficiency degradation % *
Is a flow meter available?

Facts on major overhauls

Ø-cycle of revision in years *
Personal costs of a major overhaul in CHF *
Material costs of a major overhaul in CHF *
Other costs of a major overhaul in CHF *

Which monitoring solution are you interested in?

Turbine efficiency monitoring
Suspended sediment monitoring

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